The article is devoted to the analysis of spatio-temporal relationships of natural salts and alkaline magmatic complexes in order to determine the geological probability of the participation of salts in alkaline magmatism. Indicators of the possibility of such participation are considered: the similarity for each of them halophilic and foidaphilic (from “foid” i.e. feldspathoid) sets of specific components, the convergence of distribution areas and the comparability of a number of regularities location of both. On a specific regional and global material, it is shown the frequent occurrence of alkaline complexes with older salts with the formation of salt-alkaline associations. Characteristics of the temporal relationships between the salt and alkaline objects are described, their basic tectonic types are examined and a brief overview of different age representatives is given. It is shown that the position of alkaline magmatic complexes often coincides with the levels of the distribution of the burial more ancient salt-bearing sequences and responds to the areas of intersection of ascending deep magmas with them. A positive estimate of the geological probability of the participation of salts in alkaline magmatism is given. Geological and genetic aspects of the salt-alkaline interactions will be considered in the second article.

A model of magma formation in the crust of the Urals mobile belt, which is the best example of epioceanic suprasubduction orogen, has been developed. Magma formation occurs both in the relic oceanic and in the newly formed orogen crust. In the first case small bodies of practically non-potassium plagiogranites are formed, in the second one can see large gabbro-tonalite-granodiorite-granite (GTGG) and essentially granite massifs. The main conclusion is that the formation of a new earth crust of the Urals mobile belt and magma generation in it was initiated by the replacement of low-water mantle magmatism with water-rich one. The latter accompanies crustal magma generation at all its stages. In the areas of intense water magmatism, centers of long-term (up to 100 million years or more) endogenous activity (CLEA) are formed, the products of which are GTGG and granite massifs. Two main stages are distinguished in the evolution of the CLEA: 1) spontaneous partial melting (automigmatization) of products of water-rich basic magmatism - hornblende gabbros and diorites, and formation of tonalite, granodiorite and plagiogranite melts; 2) partial melting of the tonalite and granodiorite which produces the melts of adamellitic and granite composition.

The clarke of concentration of a number of rare and trace elements in clay rocks of the Karatau Group of the Upper Riphean of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium (South Urals) was analyzed. For this purpose, from the lithostratigraphic units of the Karatau Group, in which clay rocks are present, about 90 samples of shales and mudstones with no visible signs of secondary changes (the so-called “background rocks or deposits”) were randomly selected in a number of representative sections. Determination of the contents of rare and trace elements in them is performed by the ICP-MS method. Two “geochemical standards” were used for the calculation and analysis of clarke of concentration: the average composition of the upper continental crust, UCC, and the average post-Achaean Australian shale, PAAS. In the first case, the distribution of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Yb , Hf, Pb, Bi, Th and U, in the se­cond - Li, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Yb, Lu, Hf, Pb, Bi, Th and U is considered. It was established that the background fine-grained clastic rocks of the Upper Riphean Karatau Group do not possess any anomalous contents of trace elements and they are comparable in their geoche­mical features with clayey rocks of different levels of the Burzyan and Jurmatau groups of Lower and Middle Riphean. From the bottom to up the section of the “diversity” of the distribution of rare and trace elements in individual samples decreases, which, on the whole, correlates with the transgressive tendency of the development of the Late Riphean sedimentary basin. Sour­ces of fine aluminosilicoclastic for the Upper Riphean deposits of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium were catchment areas, in which both acidic and basic magmatic formations were present.

The paleogeographic and tectonic conditions of the accumulation of Ufimian deposits (Lower Permian) were reconstructed on the basis of study more than 2000 wells within the Solikamsk depression. The most complete cross-section of the salt-marl formation (9 large layers of rock salt and gypsum rock) was studied. On this basis, the modified scheme of stratification of the salt-marl layer was proposed. The stratum was dismembered, both with complete and partial preservation of the salt layers. The stratum is divided into 3 large cyclothemes in this scheme, the cyclothemes - into series of cyclites. Each cyclite has a complete cycle of the evaporate sedimentation. The maps were constructed for each salt layer. The maps show the configuration of the salt lagoon and the migration of its depocenter within the Solikamsk depression (Ufimian age). The study of the cross-section shows the vertical change of the composition. The salt-bearing rocks are replaced by carbonate rocks - it corresponds to a general transgression in the region. For upper layers of salt-marl strata the facial replacement of the salt by gypsum rocks has been revealed. The analysis of the configuration of the reconstructed lagoon at the geological time demonstrates its connection with the regional tectonic events and salt tectonics in the Kungur sediments.

The description of the section of Artinskian-Kungurian boundary deposits on Yuryuzan River right coast near the village Mechetlino is given. The low systematic diversity and vare low frequency of conodonts in the Artinskian-Kungurian interval in the Uralian sections are noted, which is an order of magnitude inferior to the representativeness of conodonts in the Asselian and Sakmarian Stages. Nine informative levels with conodonts in the ten-meter section, revealed by Mechetlino quarry, give the possibility to trace the stratigraphic distribution of the species from the sweetognatid and neostreptognathodid chronoclines and to find out morphological trends in the development of these groups of conodonts. The basic morphotypes of conodonts are described. The phylogenetic tendencies in the evolutionary development of the representatives of genera Sweethognathus and Neostreptognathodus are shown, on the basis of which is built the zone conodont scale for this stratigra­phic interval and the lower boundary of Kungurian stage at the level of the appearance of the species Neostreptognathodus pnevi Kozur et Movschovitsch is established. The distribution of the conodont’ complexes in the section is shown, the dynamics and charakteristics of its change with time are analyzed. The Sarginskian horizon of Artinskian stage is identified well on the appearance of conodonts of the species-cosmopolite Neostreptognathodus pequopensis Behnken. This species loses teeth on the anterior part of the parapets and passes in N. pnevi Kozur et Movschovitsch. The species N. ruzhencevi Kozur appear together with N. pequopensis Behnken. N. ruzhencevi Kozur undergo in the Kungurian century the analogous metamorphosis, which led to the reduction of carinal tooth-edges on the anterior parts of the parapets. Such forms are isolated in the independent species N. lectulus Chern. The level of the appearance of the species N. pnevi and N. lectulus coincides with lower boundary of Kungurian stage.

The object of this research are the boninites variolites of Lower Devonian Baymak-Buribay Formation in the Southern Urals, which many researchers are interpreted as the products of immiscibility. The role of processes of immiscibility in the formation of the contrasting composition of igneous rocks is discussed, starting from first quarter of former century to the present time. We used the petrological-geochemical, geological and petrographic materials of former regional studies and extensive new data obtained at the Institute of Geology KarSC RAS (Petrozavodsk) on SEM VEGA II LSH (Tescan) with an energy dispersive microprobe INCA Energy 350 (Oxford instruments). The chemical composition of variola and matrix was determined by microprobe areal scanning. The study of the content of the impurity components in variolitic formations were held by method local laser sampling (LA-ICP-MS) using the consoles Laser Ablation UP-266 Macro. Results of a research allow discussing serial accessory of volcanites of a Buribay complex, a petrogenesis the boninite variolites and value of immiscibility in formation of silicate rocks. It is established that the leucocratic globule is enriched Si, Na, K, Rb, Ba, Sr that is connected with significantly feldspath compositions of globules. In comparison with matrix the globules are poor by the petrogenic elements composing dark-colored minerals (Mg, Fe, Ca), high-charging (Hf, Zr, Nb), radioactive (U, Th), sulfur-bearing (Cu, Zn). Insignificant impoverishment of globules is found in concentration of REE (La, Ce, Eu, Yb), Pb, Cr. It is possible to assume that in the globules there was more oxidizing situation and in a matrix - reduction one. Process of a immiscibility is integrated with crystallization differentiation and was stimulated with pressure drop and sharp “dumping” of a fluid phase, in case of gradual reduction of temperature of fusion when cooling. The chemical composition of variola has a high total alkalinity then most effusive and subvolcanic rocks of Buribay complex. Most likely, the immiscibility took a prominent part in petrogenesis only part of the acidic rocks related to moderately alkaline petrochemical series.

Precambrian strata - the most important source of many types of mineral raw materials. Within their boundaries are the largest deposits of iron, gold, chromium, diamonds, platinoids, nickel, copper, polymetals, vanadium and uranium. Consequently, they can be considered as the most promising provinces for the discovery of new large deposits. The authors briefly described the gold mineralization of the Urals, which are distributed unevenly and mainly among Paleozoic formations. It is noted that common features to all these objects is their location to the east of the Main Ural Foult (GUR - in Russian), and in the North, Subpolar and PolarUrals Mountains, west of the GUR, on the Precambrian development area of the Cent­ral Ural Uplift, manifestations of indigenous gold are still rare. The authors cite the results of geological exploration for ore gold within the Khobeiz “dome”, at a very promising Halmerinsky ore-placer site, where the Sosnovoye, Talayiz and Vorgavozh deposits were discovered. These deposits are confined to the Omras'shorian fault system, which is traced more than 25 km along a strike across the whole area, and the width of the development of individual structures is 4 km. At the Sosnovoe deposit, ore bodies are located within a block about 140 m wide and 240-250 m long, bounded by the West and East faults of the north-eastern strike, steeply falling to the west, and the shallow zones of melanocratic blastomylonites. Inside this block the ore bodies are confined to systems of synthetic cracks of the cleavage of the northeastern orientation, made with quartz with pyrite impregnation.The Talayz deposit is a gently sloping mineralized zone (on average 30 m thick) in the horizon of melanocratic schists, beneath a screen of metavolcanics of acidic composition. Gold-bearing ones are: quartz-carbonate veins, lenses, veins, with extremely uneven distribution of sulphides and attached to zalband parts of quartz veins with the development of vein-disseminated sulfide mineralization. The position of the ore-bearing zones of the Vorga­vozh deposit is determined by the confinement to blastomylonites along the contact with the overlapping horizon of metavolcanics of acidic composition complicated by a series of northeastern tectonic disturbances. Ore-bearing zones (thickness 2-18 m) are represented by chlorite-muscovite-albite schists containing quartz, quartz-carbonate veins and veins, with vari­ous aggregates of pyrite and dissemination of chalcopyrite, and rarely, galena. From the given data the conclusion about high prospects of Precambrian structures of the Subpolar Urals on opening of new deposits of gold is made.

First described the noble metal (platinum group elements (PGE) and Au) geochemical specialization of magmatic rocks of Bashkirian meganticlinorium and the adjacent part of the East European Platform (EEP). Identity graphs of normalized PGE and Au contents in igneous rocks of the western slope of the Southern Urals and east EEP indicates the proximity of their formation and common mechanisms of formation of noble metal geochemical specialization during the formation of these bodies. It was found that the specific precious metal geochemical specialization (“rhodium anomaly”) magmatic complexes Bashkirian meganticlinorium and east EEP, due to the content of precious metals in sulphide minerals (pentlandite) has a “primary” nature. Variations contents Pt, Pd and Au, which are characteristic for different varieties of common species within the region, are the result of their redistribution during the formation of magmatic bodies and/or transformation by secondary processes. It is shown that the noble metal geochemical specialization of clastic rocks of Bashkirian meganticlinorium tectonic zones (presence of increased amounts of platinum and most importantly - “rhodium anomaly”) formed under the influence of magmatism with further redistribution and concentration of precious metals as a result of a later time metamorphism and local metasomatism.

Devonian latitudes of the Kazakhstan and Tarim microcontinents obtained from paleomagnetic data. Definition based on the results of the study pre-folded high-temperature components of magnetization of rocks. The article uses the results of paleomagnetic studies of Devonian sedimentary and magmatic rocks, which formed on the continental crust. In these studies, conducted by various researchers, the high-temperature pre folded primary component of magnetization detected in Devonian rocks on 19 plots. Based on that data the latitude of 24.6 ± 5.5° determined for the Center of Kazakhstan microcontinent in the Early-Middle Devonian and 22.7 ± 4.6° in the Late Devonian. The Early-Middle Devonian latitude 6.1 ± 4.2° determined for the Сenter of the Tarim microcontinent. A significant number of paleotectonic schemes of Asia with different design and detail were proposed. We reviewed the position of the Kazakhstan and Tarim microcontinents in 19 paleo-tectonic reconstructions published after 2000. There are three groups of paleoreconstructions among them. On many reconstructions, the location of continental terranes and island arcs of Kazakhstan and Central Asia in the Early and Middle Paleozoic resembles the modern structure of the Indonesian region. On other reconstructions, these terranes form an arc that connected two paleocontinents in the Paleozoic - the Baltic and the Siberian ones. In the alternative design of reconstructions, the terranes have a relatively isolated position in the Paleoocean. As a result, а way of for co-ordination of matching paleotectonic reconstructions with paleomagnetic data is proposed.