General positions on plate-tectonic metallogeny are presented and the grounds for singling out the metallogenic factors of orogenic systems are given. Mobilistic paradigma corresponds to the genotype of orogens and belts which being formed at the expense of oceanic basin transformations. Their alternative character for the factors of fixistic constructions is stressed. The conclusion is made that as a theoretical basis for the analysis of orogen system metallogeny - that is the metallogeny of considering in the paper segment - are the metallogenic factors connected with processes of movement and dislocation of lithospheric plates, geodynamical regimes of riftogenic extension and spreading of plates, geodynamical environments of subduction, accretion and collision. A decisive role of the factor of movement and dislocation of lithospheric plates makes it possible to introduce for this type of metallogeny the denomination of plate-tectonic metallogeny . A comparative analysis of metallogeny of modern oceanic basins and of epioceanic orogens showed that metallogenetic factors of geodynamical environments characterize their ore specialization, while the accretions and collisions define the location of ore concentrations, determining, in the long run, combination in orogenic systems of pre-accretion, accretion and post-accretion metallogenic elements. On the given basis taking into account regional particularities the metallogeny analysis of Ural-Timan-Paleoasian segment of Eurasia has been made. Diagrams of metallogeny and the segment metallogenic zoning were suggested.

Factors and stages of biogenic siliceous accumulation rocks in the Transuralian region and Western Siberiain during Early Cenozoic. Analysis, systematization, generalization of lithological and paleontological data on the basis of geological survey and exploration field works for opal cristobalite raw materials. The main paleogeographic factors of the distribution of siliceous deposits of the Serov and Irbit formations are determined, as well as the main stages of biogenic siliceous accumulation within the Transuralian and Western Siberia regions. Based on the analysis and systematization of the new data, and updated paleogeographic schemes of previous researchers the dynamics of the basin have been reconstructed and the factors that controlled the evolution of the new identified facies zones were established. Biogenic siliceous accumulation in Western Siberia took place in four stages: Danian, Tanetian, Ypresian and Ypresian-Lutetian. The intensity of the siliceous accumulation began to increase in Ypresian, reached a maximum at the end of the Lutetian. The main causes of biogenic accumulation were extensive marine links with the basins of the World Ocean, upwelling and water movement, the developed hydrological network, a favorable tectonic regime, which caused a weak terrigenous dilution of sediments. Sedimentogenesis of opal-cristobalite rocks occurred in the absence of a significant influence of volcanic processes. The main differences between the northwestern and southeastern parts of the basin in the era of accumulation of diatomaceous ooze consisted of a different chemistry of the waters and terrigenous demolition of the southern and northern seas. The combination of the depth of the basin along the Urals and the minimal introduction of terrigenous material determined the considerable power of the photosynthetic zone, which together with an excess of nutrients promoted the luxuriant development of diatom flora here. Early Paleogene biogenic siliceous accumulation in Western Siberia, along with similar processes in the North Atlantic, to some extent preceded the global Eocene stage of siliceous accumulation.

Bazhenov abnormal sequences (BAS) are treated as result of protobazhenit plastic deformation by neocomian submarine slump on sedimentary slope. Protobazhenit mats had low bulk density (1.1-1.5 g/sm³) and positive buoyancy in silty-sandy mud of unconsolidated deposits (bulk density 1.7-1.8 g/sm³). Conceptual geomechanical model of BAS generation includes 6 studies: 1 - bedding (slipping) slide, breakage of under-achimovsky clay and protobazhenit, 2 - out-flow achimovsky sandy slump, 3 - slump pulp spreading under protobazhenit layer with its deformation and cracking, 4 - protobazhenit layer cracking due to local loading of growing sedimentary slope, 5 - secondary heaving sand injection through lateral protobazhenit brake side, 6 - burial stage. Up-floating of protobazhenit mats on semiliquid sedimentary slope occurred discretely with numerous subsidings, splittings and jumpings events. During sedimentary slope progradation mats had lack of Archimedes stability due to rising of sedimentary level, led to increment of hydraulic pressure on their side surfaces. The hydraulic fracturing conditions appeared when this pressure exceeded protobazhenit shear strength. Fracturing event was provoked by microseism or by hydraulic shock of gravity mass movement. Mat usually had splitted on two parts: lower part was fixed within sediments, upper one lifted to Archimedes equilibrium level. Splitting and up-lifting of mat produced debris flows, those were spreading on slope and enriched by protobazhenit’sinclasts. These outstanding debrit layers with bazhenitinclasts may be used as lithological markers of mats splitting events for achimovsky sequences. Theoretical model is illustrated by seismostratigraphic interpretation of achimovsky beds of Imilorskoe field of West Siberia. Two types of debrit layers with bazhenitinclasts was detected in well core. First type is generated byptotobazhenit layer’s breakage by non-uniform load of sedimentary slope (fixed in one well). The second type is associated with on-slope splitting and up-lifting of protobazhenit mats (traced in core of three wells).

The article considers the history of the formation of the regional stratigraphic scale of the Devonian system of the Urals, historically developed on the basis of the study of benthic fauna (mainly brachiopods). Currently, it is represented by the following Regiostages and horizons of stratotypic areas (bottom-up): Mansian (Sarainaya and Sauma Horizons), Vitimian (Vizhai and Toshemka Horizons), Yurtishchian (Karpinsk and Tal'tiya Horizons), Loz'vian (Langur and Vysotinka Horizons), Ryauzyakian (Pashiya, Kyn, Sargaevo, Domanik, Mendym and Askyn Horizons), Zilimian (Makarovo, Murzakaevo, Kushelga and Lytva Horizons). Stratotypes of the four lower superhorizons are located on the eastern slope of the Urals, and two upper ones on its western slope. Regiostages are common to both subregions. The comparison focuses on the regional scale of the Urals with the International stratigraphic scale shows that the borders Pragian/Emsian, Emsian/Eifelian, Givetian/Frasnian, Frasnian/Famennian not coincide with the boundaries of the Ural regional horizons. The lower boundaries of the Devonian stages in the Urals are carried out according to the GSSP at the base of the conodont zones Icriodus woschmidti postwoschmidti (Lochkovian Stage), Eognathodus sulcatus sulcatus (Pragian Stage), Polygnathus dehiscens (Emsian Stage), Polygnathus costatus partitus (Eifelian Stage), Polygnathus hemiansatus (Givetian Stage), inside the lower subzone conodont zone Mesotaxis falsiovalis, higher extinction of Skeletognathus norrisi and coincides with the appearance Ancyrodella rotundiloba (Fransnian Stage), the base conodont zone Palmatolepis triangularis (Famennian Stage). The article deals with the stratigraphic distribution of the key genera and species of the Devonian brachiopods by series, stages and horizons. The regional and interregional correlation possibilities of the studying the brachiopod fauna in the Urals are shown. The tables show the stratigraphic distribution of the key genera of brachiopods in the Devonian sediments of the western and eastern slopes of the Urals according to the authors' data with the use of data of I.A. Breivel`, M.G. Breivel`, V.P. Sapel`nikov, A.P. Tyazheva and A.N. Khodalevich monographs. It is concluded that the brachiopods, due to its multiplicity, diversity, relatively rapid evolution in time and widespread in offshore sediments are widely used in the construction of regional stratigraphic scales. The results of the study of the Devonian brachiopods of the Urals, taking into account the distribution of this group of fauna in other regions, make it possible to reliably correlate the sediments at the regional and interregional levels. Some lag in the rate of evolutionary development from conodonts does not reduce the stratigraphic significance of the Devonian brachiopods, allowing detailed subdivision and the global correlation of Devonian deposits.

The features of the Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Th and rare earth elements distribution in the black shales of the Riphean Murav’inskaya and Velsovskaya formations in southern part of the Lyapin-Kutim anticlinorium (Northern Ural) are analyzed. The contents of the listed elements in 20 samples of black shales are determined by the ICP-MS method at the IGG UB RAS (Ekaterinburg). Samples of the shales of the Murav’insky formation are selected from the outcrops along the river Vels, below the mouth of Pos’mak River, as well as along Pravaya Rassokha River. The selection was made from outcrops more or less evenly distributed over the studied area. The shales of the Velsovskaya formation were studied from the drilling holes in the basin of Sur’ya Vagranskaya River, as well as in outcrops along the Sibiryakovskaya Martayka and Pravaya Rassokha rivers. In the Sc-Th/Sc diagram, the data points of the black shales of the Murav’inskaya and Velsovskaya formations are fairly compact located between the points of the average composition of the Archean and Proterozoic granites, on the one hand, and tonalite-trondhjemite-granite (TTG) associations of the same age. Approximately the same distribution of the data points of the black shales of these formations can be seen in the La/Sc-Th/Co and La/Sm-Sc/Th diagrams. The average value of ΣРЗЭ in black shales of the Murav’inskaya formation is 316 ± 90 ppm, in the shales of the Velsovskaya Formation it is noticeably lower - 200 ± 47 ppm. The black shales of the Murav’inskaya Formation are substantially enriched with light lanthanides (La/Yb)_Nmean = 40, and noticeably depleted by heavy lanthanides, (Gd/Yb)_Nmean = 5.4. For the black shales of the Velsovsky formation (La/Yb)_Nmean = 22, (Gd/Yb)_Nmean = 3.1. This ones and a number of the other data make it possible to conclude that the complexes of rock-sources of fine aluminosiliciclastics for black shales of Murav’inskaya and Velsovskaya formations had a rather specific composition. On the basis of a comparison of the geochemical features of the black shales of the southern part of the Lyapin-Kutim anticlinorium and potential sources of fine aluminosiliciclastics, the conclusion is based that such rock complexes could be, from one side, the Archean and/or Proterozoic TTG associations and granites of the same age of the Eastern European platform, and, from another side, certain local rocks with high Cr contents and significant differentiation of REE, similar in composition to the products of kimberlite magmatism.

The article presents new isotope-geochemical data on zircon from gabbronorites of the Volkovsky massif in the Middle Urals. The massif is a complex combination of different rock associations - from ultramafic rocks to syenites and quartz diorites, whose geological and geochronological ratios are not well-defined yet. The most widespread in the massif are gabbroids, which form three blocks - the Central, Western and Southern ones. This massif is associated with: 1) industrial deposit of copper-iron-vanadium ores and 2) gold-palladium mineralization of low sulfide type. Gabbronorites, which form peripheral parts of the gabbro blocks and in some cases form dykes among olivine gabbro, have a dual relationship with mineralization. They are host for copper-iron-vanadium type and postmineral concerning the gold-palladium mineralization localized in ultramafic rocks and olivine gabbro of the Southern block. The comprehensive study of zircon (its morphology, internal structure, U-Pb age, and silicate inclusions) has shown that in gabbronorites of the Volkovsky massif, zircon aged 427.5 ± 5.3 Ma and 428 ± 7 Ma, extracted from two different samples, contains the same set of polymineral inclusions, alien to the hosting rocks. The composition of inclusions (plagioclase ( An₂₁), biotite (f = 0.49-0.56), quartz and apatite) corresponds to gneiss or plagiogranite. However, the zircon, according to its morphology, internal structure and age characteristics is similar to that from metamorphic rocks of the dynamothermal halo of gabbro-ultramafic bodies. This suggests that the zircon in gabbronorites of the Volkovsky massif could be borrowed from the surrounding metamorphic rocks, and therefore, the gabbronorite intrusion occurred when high-temperature metamorphic rocks of the dynamothermal halo had already existed and might have undergone anatexis and retrogressive metamorphism of amphibolite facies. The zircon age (≈427 Ma) limits the lower time limit of the formation of gabbronorite intersecting olivine gabbro of the Volkovsky massif, and may be close to the time of the formation of copper-iron-vanadium and gold-palladium mineralization type controlled by the reaction processes between gabbronorites and olivine gabbro.

The ophiolites of the northern slope of the Kuznetsk-Alatau Ridge are the most representative fragments of the sub-oceanic crust in the region. In this article, we present the results of a study of the metabasites from ophiolite paragenesis of the Severnaya, Zelenaya, Barkhatnaya mountains and Semenovsky massif. The selected samples from the gabbroid and subvolcanic complexes were studied in microsections, and the compositions of the main rock-forming minerals (plagioclases, amphiboles) were investigated in detail on an electron microscope equipped with micro-dispersion analyzer. It was established that feldspars are represented by a wide spectrum of composition: from albite to bitovnite; not less common amphiboles are also characterized by a wide diapason: edenite, ferro-edenit, ferropargasit, magneziogastingsit, magnesian, ferrous and actinolite hornblendes. Chlorite, which observed in all samples, represents ripidolit and piknochlorite. Accessories are apatite, ilmenite, sphene and, in rare cases, rutile. The data obtained by the phase relationship, and changing chemical composition of essential minerals (feldspars, amphiboles) allow suppose several steps of the transforming investigated metamorphic rock because signs of both progressive and retrograde metamorphism are found. The behavior of accessory minerals also expresses the variability of the thermodynamic parameters of metamorphism. This is confirmed by the traditional geothermobarometry methods (using the plagioclase-amphibole mineral pair). Observed retrograde metamorphic processes reflect the movement of ophiolite mass in the upper layers of the crust, and this makes it possible to connect metamorphism with obduction of ophiolites. For most of the investigated regions the early stage of ophiolite obduction in terms of location the “Riphean” oceanic island arc can be associated with episode of epidote-amphibolite facies of regional metamorphism at (T = 500-700°C and P = 2-6 kbar). The collision of Kuznetsk-Altai island arc to the structures of the Central Asia and Siberian Craton superterrane in Late Cambrian-Ordovician was controlled by vertical movement along submeridional tectonic discontinuities and resulted the metamorphism at low temperatures (350-510°C) and high pressure (6-9 kbar). The completion of these processes is characterized by a decrease in pressure (2-6 kbar) at the same temperatures. The result of these events is the formation of serpentinite melange on the Semenovsky massif.

The subject of the study are manifestations of carbonatites in the quartz deposit “Vein № 175” - the largest deposit of granular quartz of Ufalei block in the Southern Urals. In the vein № 175 new outcrops of carbonatites are described; thin sections, plates and polished sections from 58 selected samples are made. Mineralogical and petrographic analysis of carbonatites and host rocks was carried out using Axiolab ZS and Olimpus BX 51 polarization microscopes with digital prefixes. The total mineral composition was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Fluid inclusions were studied in a Linkam THMSG-600 microcooler using the Olimpus BX 51-52 microscope and the LinkSistem 32 DVNS software. It was established that the deposition of vein quartz preceded to the formation of carbonatites. The quartz vein inherited a tectonic structure which controlled the deposition of carbonate material. The fragments of carbonatite bodies are observed throughout the quartz veins, where they have been preserved. It is established that the carbonatites of the “Vein 175” differ from the carbonatites of the Vishnevogorsk alkaline complex by a low content of rare metal minerals characteristic of carbonatites: pyrochlore, zircon, columbite, eshenite and monazite. It is obvious that the source of rare-metal minerals in the carbonatites of the Vishnevye Mountains, as well as in the magmatic carbonatites of zonal massifs with ultrabasic alkaline complexes, is the substance from which the alkaline rocks were formed. Carbonate rocks of these complexes concentrate rare-metal minerals and have the mantle spectrum of rare and rare-earth elements in their composition. The source of the carbonate material of “Veins № 175” can be sedimentary carbonates lying at the base of the crystalline basement. The absence of rare-metal minerals in the carbonatites confirm this thesis.

The area of junction of the Ul'in volcano-tectonic structure of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt and tectonic structures of Okhotsk Sea has both fundamental interest - for understanding tectonics and geodynamics on the outskirts of the continent, and practical - for assessing the metallogenic potential of the territory, primarily for gold. The main subject of the present studies was the deep unhomogeneities and disjunctive tectonics, clarification of the block structure of the lithosphere. The creation of a deep base was carried out by means of a complex interpretation of geophysical data (maps of gravity and magnetic fields), data of the Deep Seismic Sounding profile of the north-eastern section of the 3-DV profile (Skovorodino-Tommot-Khandyga-Myakit), geophysical and geological information. The main tool for geopotential fields data processing was the computer technology “KOSKAD 3D” intended for processing of three-dimensional digital geoinformation by the methods of probability-statistical analysis. Three types of 3D gravity field models up to a depth of 90 km are calculated: 3D distribution of low-frequency characteristics; 3D distribution of high-frequency characteristics; density 3D models. An analysis of petrophysical information was carried out on a formalized basis with subsequent compilation of specialized petrodensity and petromagnetic maps. The obtained 3D models allowed to construct sections and slices of the gravity field components, density of the lithosphere at different depth levels. Cartographic, geophysical and petrophysical materials formed the basis for a map of faulty tectonics in the region.The main disruptive disorders are ranked in the direction (northeastern, northwestern, sublatitudinal, submeridional), by the depth of deposition (mantle, lower crust, medium-crustal, upper crustal, near-surface), by their specialization - (blocking, magma-leading). According to the density model, the mantle part of the lithosphere is dense enough both for the continent and for the Okhotsk Sea. In the earth's crust, the Dzhugdzhur-Okhotsk and Mongol-Okhotsk fault systems divide the continental part of the territory into three regions: high-density - western and eastern (coastal), and central - decompressed ones. The Dzhugdzhur-Okhotsk northeastern system of disturbances is a regional boundary between a dense and reduced density lithosphere on the continent. Geologically, it can be regarded as the boundary of the ancient (Jurassic-Cretaceous) paleosubduction, during which a belt of a granitized decompressed lithosphere formed. The boundary of the junction of marine and continental structures does not coincide with the coast line: marine structures rise under continent, indicating a collision between the Okhotsk Sea and the Eurasian plate. Probably, the Jurassic-Cretaceous subduction regime on the outskirts of the Eurasian plate was replaced by a collision one in the Cenozoic, as a result of which the Ul'in volcano-tectonic structure was divided by northwestern faults into transverse blocks. The subsequent intraplate marginal rifting caused the Coastal (Mongol-Okhotsk) fault to “creep” of continental deposits onto “marine” tectonic structures. The results of the performed studies made it possible to better understand the nature of the interaction of the tectonic structures of the southwestern margin of the Okhotsk Sea. The deep-seated schemes of fault tectonics and the transformant of the gravitational field can be used for palinspastic reconstructions. The constructed petrophysical maps have prospects for further multi-functional application. The received structural basis can become the basis of studying laws of formation of mineral deposits.

The article devotes to investigations the caves Heetey - natural monument Trans-Baikal Territory, in connection with the problem of their preservation during the blasting development of the nearby located Ust'-Borzinsky limestone deposits. Limestone processing is planned to open by a career with 5 ledges height of 15 m each. The characteristics of natural conditions, geological, and hydrogeological properties of permafrost enclosing rock massif, provides information about the shape, location and characteristics of ice cover, which affects on the dynamic stability of the cave and its elements. The analysis of the results of experimental studies of dynamic stability of karst cave Heetey to the effects of explosions in the development of the open method of Ust'-Borzinsky limestone deposits is presented. The main purpose of engineering and seismic measurements of vibrations of the rock mass enclosing Heetey cave was to study the amplitude and frequency content of vibrations to assess the seismic effect of explosions carried out in the near quarry with limestone mining. Actual measurements of the parameters of the rocks fluctuations in the cave Heetey included varying the total weight of the impact of charges, the distance from the source of vibrations to the registration points, the difference in the parameters of group explosions on the amplitude-frequency characteristics of wave propagation in a cave in the enclosing rock mass. The analysis of the results of field measurements of cave rock vibrations and calculations, of their dynamic stability taking into account the effect of the array of bottom cover of ice, filling with water of the cave and shielding devices is cited. Particular attention is paid to the effect of empty and filled with ice holes in the rock mass in the propagation of mechanical vibrations in it. Presented findings of scientific and applied pattern.