Material composition and formation conditions of the Yubryshka titanium-magnetite ore deposit

Research subject. The Yubryshka intrusion with titanomagnetite mineralization.

Materials and methods. Research materials included rock and ore samples from the Yubryshka intrusion. The concentration of major oxides was determined by X-ray fluorescence at the Institute of Geology, UFIC RAS (Ufa), on a VRA-30 spectrometer (Carl Zeiss, Germany) using an X-ray tube with a W-anode (30 kV, 40 mA). The mineralogy study was carried out using a Tescan Vega Compact scanning electron microscope equipped with an Xplorer Oxford Instruments energy-dispersive analyzer (IG UFITs RAS, Ufa).

Results and conclusions. The petrochemical analysis indicated the isochemical nature of metamorphism in the rocks of the Yubryshka intrusion. In comparison with the rocks of the Kusa-Kopan complex, the Yubryshka analogues are characterized by a lower degree of differentiation, consisting in the absence of varieties of extreme basicity. Clinopyroxene, amphibole, epidote, fluorapatite, titanite, micas, chlorite, barite, zircon, ore minerals (sulfides, oxides) are described with a varying degree of detail. The genetic conditions for the formation of amphibole from the Yubryshka deposit were found to characterize the metamorphic history of rock transformation, being directed from igneous amphibole (T ≈ 800°C, P ≈ 3.2 kbar) to metamorphogenic amphibole (T ≥ 550°C, P ≈ 7 kbar) with temperature stabilization when pressures decrease to > 3 kbar. The calculations established that the decomposition temperature of ilmenite–titanomagnetite aggregates ranges within 559–375°С. In this case, elements of zoning are observed when re-equilibration of the system in the edge parts of the crystals occurs at lower temperatures. The simulation of the crystallization process using the COMAGMAT software found that changes in the chemical composition of the melt are implemented through the filter-pressing mechanism. The formation of the ore horizon was caused by a mass crystallization of magnetite together with clinopyroxene and plagioclase at a temperature of 1097°С. This model satisfactorily describes the observed structure of the ore horizon, namely, its location in the upper part of the intrusive body and the disseminated nature of the ores.

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