Physicochemical models of low-temperature seawater–basaltic glass interaction in the presence of CO 2 and CH 4
https://doi.org/10.24930/2500-302X-2025-25-5-1104-1119
Abstract
Research subject. Seawater, basalts, and products of their transformation. Aim. To assess the behavior of chemical elements, mineral assemblages, and mineral formation conditions during low-temperature seawater–basalt interaction, including the additional input of dissolved CH4 and CO2 to the system. Method. Physicochemical modeling of seawater–basalt interaction was conducted using the Selektor software in closed systems based on changes in the ξ = –lg(seawater–basalt – Sw/Bs) parameter. Results. According to the conducted physicochemical modeling of seawater–basaltic glass inter action (closed system), quartz, goethite, celadonite, chabazite, manganite, and gibbsite are precipitated at the fluid-dominated part of the model (ξ> 3) under oxidizing conditions. An increase in the relative amount of reacted basalt (ξ < 3) leads to a decrease in the Eh value and the replacement of goethite by hematite and magnetite in assemblage with pyrite, saponite, chlorite, and zeolites. The addition of CH4 to the system during early diagenesis under slightly alkaline (pH≈ 10) and reducing conditions (Eh < 0) results in the formation of brucite, chlorite, chrysotile, and pyrite at low Fe concentrations in solution and the absence of quartz, goethite, and manganite. During late diagenesis under alkaline conditions (pH > 10), a significant Si and low Fe amount passes to the solution, while pyrite and magnetite dominate in the system in addition to saponite, chlorite, celadonite, chrysotile, and zeolites. The contribution of CO 2 (1 mole/L) to the system significantly changes the model; thus, only chalcedony is precipitated at the early stages (ξ > 5) under acidic (pH < 3) oxidizing (Eh = 1) conditions. At reduced Eh values under acidic conditions (ξ = 2–3), the high Fe and Al content passes to the solution and strongly decreases under neutral and slightly alkaline (pH > 8) reducing conditions of late diagenesis. At the same stage, Mg silicates, magnetite, pyrite, and hematite are dominant; however, the Fe oxides do not form economic concentrations in solid reaction products. Conclusions. In general, our results correspond to natural diagenetic products of basaltic glass.
Keywords
diagenesis,
halmyrolysis,
basalts and their hyaloclastites,
minimization of free Gibbs energy,
mineral assemblages,
methane,
carbon dioxide
Supporting agencies: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 22-17-00215
About the Authors
V. V. Maslennikov
Institute of Mineralogy, South ural Federal Scientific Center for Mineralogy and Geoecology, UB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Valery V. Maslennikov
G. A. Tret’yakov
Institute of Mineralogy, South ural Federal Scientific Center for Mineralogy and Geoecology, UB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Gennady A. Tret’yakov
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Maslennikov V.V., Tret’yakov G.A. Physicochemical models of low-temperature seawater–basaltic glass interaction in the presence of CO 2 and CH 4. LITHOSPHERE (Russia). 2025;25(5):1104-1119. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24930/2500-302X-2025-25-5-1104-1119
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