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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">litosphere</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литосфера</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LITHOSPHERE (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1681-9004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-302X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24930/1681-9004-2018-18-5-653-671</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">litosphere-246</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ранняя эволюция земли, начало ее геологической истории: как и когда появились гранитоидные магмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The early evolution of the earth, the beginning of its geological history: how and when the granitoid magmas appeared</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>Михаил Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>Mikhail I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mikuzmin@igc.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярмолюк</surname><given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarmolyuk</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>Александр Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>Alexander B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геохимии СО РАН (ИГХ СО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геологии рудных месторождений, петрографии, минералогии и геохимии (ИГЕМ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry (IGEM RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геологии и геохронологии докембрия РАН (ИГГД РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>3Institute of Geology and Geochronology of the Precambrian of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGGD RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>653</fpage><lpage>671</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьмин М.И., Ярмолюк В.В., Котов А.Б., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьмин М.И., Ярмолюк В.В., Котов А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzmin M.I., Yarmolyuk V.V., Kotov A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/246">https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/246</self-uri><abstract><p>Земля имеет ряд отличий от планет Солнечной системы и других звездно-планетных систем. Эти отличия она приобрела в процессе формирования и в течение своей геологической истории. В ранний хаотичный эон произошли аккреция Земли, разделение первичного вещества Земли на мантию и ядро, возник спутник Земли - Луна. Геологическая история Земли началась 4500 млн лет назад, в гадейский эон. В это время эндогенные процессы на Земле в существенной степени контролировались метеоритно-астероидными бомбардировками, вызывавшими масштабное плавление и дифференциацию верхних оболочек Земли. В магматических камерах протекала дифференциация вплоть до появления расплавов гранитоидного состава. Континентальная кора гадейского времени была почти вся уничтожена метеоритными бомбардировками, последняя тяжелая бомбардировка произошла в конце гадейского эона 4000-3900 млн лет назад. О геологической обстановке в гадейское время можно судить только по сохранившимся цирконам из пород той эпохи. В частности, их геохимические особенности свидетельствуют о наличии у Земли атмосферы. гадейский эон сменился архейским, начиная с которого на Земле стали преобладать процессы самоорганизации. В это время формировалась кора, сложенная коматиит-базальтовыми и тоналит-трондьемит-гранодиоритовыми (ТТГ) сериями пород. В ее становлении ведущую роль играли процессы сагдукции - вертикального роста коры над поднимающимися мантийными плюмами. При этом низы базальтоидной коры погружались в мантию, эклогитизировалась и плавились, что приводило к появлению натриевых серий пород ТТГ. В конце архея (3.1-3.0 млрд назад) тектоника покрышки (LID tectonics), определявшая стиль строения и развития архейской коры, сменяется режимом тектоники малых плит, которая впоследствии постепенно сменилась современной тектоникой плит, совмещенной с тектоникой мантийных плюмов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Earth has a number of differences from the planets of the Solar System and other star-planetary systems. These differences were acquired during its formation and geological history. In the early Chaotic eon occurred the accretion of the Earth, the separation of the primary substance of the Earth into a mantle and a nucleus, a satellite of the Earth - the Moon appeared. 4500 Ma ago in the Gadey aeon the geological history of the Earth began. At this time, the endogenous processes on the Earth were controlled to a great extent by meteorite-asteroid bombardments, which caused large-scale melting and differentiation of the upper shells of the Earth. In the magmatic chambers differentiation proceeded until the appearance of melts of granitoid composition. The continental crust of Gadey time was almost completely destroyed by meteoric bombardments, the last heavy bombardment occurred at the end of the Gadey aeon 4000-3900 Ma ago. The geological situation of the Gadey time can be judged only from the preserved zircons from the rocks of that epoch. In particular, their geochemical features indicate that the Earth has an atmosphere. The Gadey eon was replaced by the Archean one, from which the processes of self-organization began to predominate on the Earth. At this time, a crust composed of komatiite-basalt and tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series of rocks was formed. In its formation, the processes of sagduction (vertical growth of the crust) over the rising mantle plumes was played the leading role. At the same time the lower basaltic crust was bured in the mantle, eclogitized and melted, which led to the appearance of the sodium series of TTG rocks. At the end of the Archean 3.1-3.0 Ga tectonics of the cover (LID tectonics), which determined the style of the structure and development of the Archean crust, is replaced by the tectonics of small plates, which was later replaced by modern tectonics - the tectonics of plates combined with mantle plumes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хаотичный и гадейский эоны</kwd><kwd>архейский период</kwd><kwd>LID-тектоника</kwd><kwd>тектоника плюмов</kwd><kwd>сагдукция</kwd><kwd>мантийная конвекция</kwd><kwd>Chaotic and Gadey eons</kwd><kwd>Archean period</kwd><kwd>LID tectonics</kwd><kwd>tectonics of plumes</kwd><kwd>sagduction</kwd><kwd>mantle convection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Батыгин К., Лафлин Г., Морбиделли А. (2016) Рожденные из хаоса. 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