<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">litosphere</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литосфера</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LITHOSPHERE (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1681-9004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-302X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24930/2500-302X-2025-25-5-1176-1200</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IEFJIR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">litosphere-2362</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Минералогия и генезис апокарбонатных серпентинитов Питкярантского рудного района, Северное Приладожье. Часть 2. Серпентиниты рудопроявления Клара</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mineralogy and genesis of apocarbonate serpentinites of the Pitkäranta mining district, Northern Ladoga region. Part 2. Serpentinites of the Klara ore occurrence</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булах</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulakh</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>М. О. Булах, Геологический факультет, 119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria O. Bulakh, Geological faculty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aregon27@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакшеев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baksheev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>И. А. Бакшеев, Геологический факультет, 119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Baksheev, Geological faculty</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Япаскурт</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yapaskurt</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>В. О. Япаскурт, Геологический факультет, 119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily O. Yapaskurt, Geological faculty</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1176</fpage><lpage>1200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Булах М.О., Бакшеев И.А., Япаскурт В.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булах М.О., Бакшеев И.А., Япаскурт В.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bulakh M.O., Baksheev I.A., Yapaskurt V.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/2362">https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/2362</self-uri><abstract><p>Объект исследования. Серпентиниты, развитые по магнезиальным скарнам рудопроявления Клара Питкярантского рудного района. Цель работы. Выявление обстановок формирования серпентинитов рудопроявления Клара. Материалы и методы. Сорок пять образцов породы исследованы методами оптической и сканирующей электронной микроскопии, электронно-зондового анализа, порошковой рентгенографии, ИК-спектроскопии и дифференциально-термического анализа. Результаты. Скарновый диопсид замещен антигоритом, лизардитом, хризотилом и тальком, нередко находящимися в тесных срастаниях друг с другом. Форстеритовая зона скарнов преобразована в хризотил-антигоритовые серпентиниты с минералами группы гумита, по которым развит поздний лизардит. Весь серпентин обогащен F; концентрация этого галогена составляет 0.7–1.8 мас. % в лизардите из псевдоморфоз по диопсиду и минералам группы гумита, 2.1–3.0 мас. % в хризотил-антигори  товых и антигоритовых агрегатах, 2.5–4.6 мас. % в серпентине из тектонических нарушений. Прочие минералы представлены магнетитом, флюоритом, слюдами ряда флогопит-фторфлогопит, аннитом, хлоритами, Mn- и Fe-содержащим доломитом, фторапатитом, сфалеритом, пирофанитом. Выводы. Апоскарновые серпентиниты рудопроявления Клара формировались в два этапа. 1) На поздних стадиях регрессивного процесса скарнообразования, сопряженного с внедрением I фазы гранитов Салминского интрузива, в результате гидратации форстерита и отчасти диопсида возникли существенно лизардитовые серпентиниты. 2) Внедрение дайки Li-F гранитов вызвало повторное развитие пневматолито-гидротермального процесса. Воздействие фторводородных флюидов температурой ≈300–480°С привело к замещению лизардита антигоритом и хризотилом с высокой концентрацией фтора. При последующем снижении температуры за счет сохранившегося скарнового диопсида и минералов группы гумита образовался поздний лизардит.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Research subject. The aposkarn serpentinites of the Klara mine in the Pitkäranta mining district. Aim. Determination of mineral formation environments for serpentinites of the Klara mine. Materials and methods. In total, 45 rock specimens were studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy, electron probe analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, in frared spectroscopy, and differential thermal analysis. Results. Skarn diopside is replaced by antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile and talc, which intergrown in many cases. The forsterite skarn zone is transformed into chrysotile-antigorite serpentinites with humite-group minerals that are replaced by late lizardite. All serpentine is enriched with F; the concentration of this halogen ranges 0.7–1.8 wt % in lizardite from pseudomorphs after diopside and humite-group minerals, 2.1–3.0 wt % in chrysotile-antigorite and antigorite aggregates, and 2.5–4.6 wt % in serpentine filling cracks. Other minerals are represented by magnetite, fluorite, micas of the phlogopite-fluorophlogopite series, annite, chlorites, Mn- and Fe-containing dolomite, fluorapatite, sphalerite, and pyrophanite. Conclusions. Aposkarn serpentinites of the Klara mine were formed during two stages. (1) Predominantly lizardite serpentinites appeared during the late stages of the regressive skarnification process associated with the intrusion of early granites of the Salmi Batholith, as a result of hydration of forsterite and, partly, diopside. (2) The Li-F granite intrusion caused the re-development of the pneumatolyte-hydrothermal process. The influence of ≈300–480°C F-rich fluids led to the replacement of lizardite by antigorite and chrysotile with a high concentration of fluorine. With a subsequent decrease in temperature, late lizardite was formed due to the preserved skarn diopside and minerals of the humite group.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>F-содержащий серпентин</kwd><kwd>апоскарновые грейзены</kwd><kwd>норбергит</kwd><kwd>хондродит</kwd><kwd>флогопит</kwd><kwd>пирофанит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>F-containing serpentine</kwd><kwd>aposkarn greisen</kwd><kwd>norbergite</kwd><kwd>chondrodite</kwd><kwd>phlogopite</kwd><kwd>pyrophanite</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александров С.М. (1990) Геохимия скарно и рудообразования в доломитах. М.: Наука, 344 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksandrov S.M. (1998) Geochemistry of Skarn and Ore Formation in Dolomites. VSP (Utrecht, Tokyo), 300 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александров С.М., Тронева М.А. (2003) Геохимия титана и формы его нахождения в метасоматитах скарновых месторождений. Геохимия, (1), 25-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksandrov S.M., Troneva M.A. (2003) Geochemistry of titanium and its modes of occurrence in metasomatically altered rocks. Geochem. Int., 41(1), 21-37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беус А.А. (1960) Геохимия бериллия и генетические типы бериллиевых месторождений. М.: Изд-во АН СССР, 333 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreani M., Baronnet A., Boullier A.-M., Gratier J.-P. (2004) A microstructural study of a “crack-seal” type serpentine using SEM and TEM techniques. Eur. J. Miner., 16, 585-595. https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2004/0016-0585</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Булах М.О., Бакшеев И.А., Япаскурт В.О. (2024) Минералогия и генезис апокарбонатных серпентинитов Питкярантского рудного района, Северное При ладожье. Часть 1. Офикальцит рудного поля Хопунваара. Литосфера, 24(6), 1060-1083. https://doi.org/10.24930/2500-302X-2024-24-6-1060-1083</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balan E., Fritsch E., Radtke G., Paulatto L., Juillot F., Petit S. (2021) First-principles modeling of infrared spectrum of antigorite. Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 389-400. https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-389-2021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Варлаков А.С. (1999) Серпентины ультраосновных по род Урала. Уральский минералог. сб., (9), 78-101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beus A.A. (1960) Beryllium Geochemistry and Genetic Types of Beryllium Deposits. Moscow, AN SSSR Publ., 333 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева А.И. (1970) Морфогенетические особенности ритмических текстур и их роль в выяснении условий рудообразования (на примере ряда железорудных месторождений Сибири). М.: Наука, 126 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulakh M.O., Baksheev I.A., Yapaskurt V.O. (2024) Mineralogy and genesis of apocarbonate serpentinites of the Pitkäranta mining district, Northern Ladoga region. Pt 1. Ophicalcite of the Hopunvaara ore field. Lithosphere (Russia), 24(6), 1060-1083. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24930/2500-302X-2024-24-6-1060-1083</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власов К.А., Кутукова Е.И. (1960) Изумрудные копи. М.: Недра, 251 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chukanov N.V., Rozenberg K.A., Rastsvetaeva R.K., Mekkel S. (2008) New data on high titanium biotite. The problem of “vodanite”. Novye Dannye o Mineralakh, (43), 72-77. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Герасимова Е.И. (2011) Магнезиальные минералы группы гумита: химико-структурные вариации и их связь с обстановками формирования. Дисс. … канд. г.-м.н. М., МГУ, 283 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Debret B., Koga K.T., Nicollet C., Andreani M., Schwartz S. (2014) F, Cl and S via serpentinite in subduction zones: implications for the nature of the fluid released at depth. Terra Nova, 26, 96-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12074</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гинзбург А.И. (1959) Пневматолито-гидротермальные месторождения бериллия. Геол. месторождений редких элементов, вып. 4. М.: Недра, 4-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evans B.W. (2004) The serpentinite multisystem revisited: chrysotile is metastable. Int. Geol. Rev., 46, 479-506. https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.46.6.479</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жернаков В.И. (2009) Изумрудные копи Урала. Минера лог. альманах, 14(2), 128 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Faust G.T., Fahey J.J. (1964) The serpentine-group minerals. Washington, Geol. Survey Professional Paper, 92 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жухлистов А.П., Звягин П.П. (1998) Кристаллическая структура лизардита по данным электронной дифрактометрии. Кристаллография, 43(6), 1009-1014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figovy S., Dubacq B., d’Arko P. (2021) Crystal chemistry and partitioning of halogens in hydrous silicates. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 176(12). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01860-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зубков А.А., Князев Г.Б., Банников О.Л. (1988) К минералогии гидросиликатов железорудных месторождений магнезиально-скарновой формации. Взаимосвязь процессов магматизма, метаморфизма и рудообразования в складчатых областях юга Сибири. Новосибирск: АН СССР, 114-135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flemetakis S., Berndt J., Klemme S., Genske F., Cadoux A., Louvel M., Rohrbach A. (2020) An improved electron microprobe method for the analysis of halogens in natural silicate glasses. Microsc. Microanal., 26, 857-866. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927620013495</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иващенко В.И., Голубев А.И. (2015) Новые аспекты минералогии и металлогении Питкярантского рудного района. Тр. КарНЦ РАН, (7), 127-148. https://doi.org/10.17076/geo149</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flemetakis S., Tiraboschi C., Berndt A., Klemme S. (2022) The stability of antigorite in subduction zones revisited: the effect of F on antigorite stability and its breakdown reactions at high pressures and high temperatures, with implications for the geochemical cycles of halogens. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01934-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конышев А.А., Чевычелов В.Ю., Шаповалов Ю.Б. (2020) Два типа высокодифференцированных топазсодержащих гранитов Салминского батолита, Южная Карелия. Геохимия, 65(1), 14-30. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016752520010070</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franz G., Ackermand D. (1980) Phase relations and metamorphic history of a clinohumite-chlorite-serpentinemarble from the Western Tauern Area (Austria). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 75, 97-110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коржинский Д.С. (1969) Теория метасоматической зональности. М.: Наука, 114 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasimova E.I. (2011) Magnesian minerals of the humite group: Chemical and structural variations and their relation to the conditions of formation. PhD thesis, Moscow State University, 283 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ладожская протерозойская структура (геология, глубинное строение и металлогения). (2020) (Под. ред. Н.В. Шарова). Петрозаводск: КарНЦ РАН, 435 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasimova E.I. (2007) Mineral variety of metasomatic rocks and late hydrothermal formations of the ore deposits of Pitkäranta district (South Karelia, Russia). Min eral diversity: research and preservation. IV Int. Sympos., 67-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ларин А.М., Амелин Ю.В., Неймарк Л.А. (1991) Возраст и генезис комплексных скарновых руд Питкярантского рудного района. Геол. руд. месторождений, (6), 15-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ginzburg A.I. (1959) Pneumatolite-hydrothermal beryllium deposits. Geologiya Mestorozhdenii Redkikh Elementov,vyp. 4. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 4-13. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лодочников В.Н. (1936) Серпентины и серпентиниты ильчирские и другие, и петрологические вопросы, с ними связанные. Тр. ЦНИГРИ, 38, 817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henry D.J., Guidotti C.V., Thomson J.A. (2005) The Ti-saturation surface for low-to-medium pressure metapelit ic biotites: Implications for geothermometry and Ti-sub stitution mechanisms. Amer. Miner., 90, 316-328. https:// doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1498</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макеев А.Б., Брянчанинова Н.И. (1999) Топоминералогия ультрабазитов Полярного Урала. СПб.: Наука, 252 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivashchenko V.I. (2021) Rare-metal (In, Bi, Te, Se, Be) mineralization of skarn ores in the Pitkäranta mining district, Ladoga Karelia, Russia. Minerals, 11(2), 124. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020124</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маракушев А.А., Полин Ю.К. (1960) Об условиях образования белых флогопитов в доломитовых мраморах Алданского щита. Геология и геофизика, (8), 73-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivashchenko V.I., Golubev A.I. (2015) New aspects of mineralogy and metallogeny of the Pitkäranta mining district. Trudy KarNTs RAN, 7, 127-148. (In Russ.) https:// doi.org/10.17076/geo149</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никольская Ж.Д., Ларин А.М. (1972) Грейзеновые образования Питкярантского рудного поля. Зап. ВМО, 101(5), 291-297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jansson N.F., Allen R.L., Skogsmo G., Turner T. (2021) Origin of Paleoproterozoic, sub-seafloor Zn-Pb-Ag skarn deposits, Sala area, Bergslagen, Sweden. Miner. Dep., 57, 455-480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-021-01071-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синяков В.И. (1967) Особенности формирования маг незиально-скарновых магнетитовых месторождений Горной Шории. Новосибирск: Наука, 112 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jesus A., Mateus A., Oliveira V. (2003) Geological setting and magnetite-ore genesis at the Corujeiras prospect (Beja district, Portugal). Congresso Nacional Geologia (Portugal), Ciências da Terra, F45–F48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Спиридонов Э.М., Жернаков В.И., Бакшеев И.А., Савина Д.Н. (2000) Типоморфизм талька апогипербазитовых метасоматитов Урала. Докл. АН, 272(3), 378-380.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konyshev A.A., Chevychelov V.Yu., Shapovalov Yu.B. (2020) Two types of highly differentiated topaz-bearing granites of the Salmi batholith, Southern Karelia. Geochem. Int., 58(1), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702920010073</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чуканов Н.В., Розенберг К.А., Расцветаева Р.К., Меккель Ш. (2008) Новые данные о высокотитановом биотите. Проблема “воданита”. Новые данные о минералах, (43), 72-77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korzhinskii D.S. (1969) Theory of Metasomatic Zonality. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 114 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабынин Л.И. (1974) Рудные месторождения в формации магнезиальных скарнов. М.: Недра, 288 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larin A.M., Amelin Yu.V., Neymark L.A. (1991) Age and genesis of complex skarn ores from the Pitkäranta mining district. Geol. Rud. Mestorozhdenii, (6), 15-33. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабынин Л.И. (1973) Формация магнезиальных скарнов. М.: Наука, 214 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lodochnikov V.N. (1936) Ilchir Serpentines and Serpentinites, and petrological issues related to them. Tr. TsNI-GRI, vyp. 38, 817. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Штейнберг Д.С., Чащухин И.С. (1977) Серпентинизация ультрабазитов. М.: Наука, 312 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makeev A.B., Bryanchaninova N.I. (1999) Topomineralogy of Ultrabasites of the Polar Urals. St.Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 252 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юркова Р.М. (1991) Минеральные преобразования офиолитовых и вмещающих вулканогенно-осадочных комплексов северо-западного обрамления Тихого океана. М.: Наука, 166 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marakushev A.A., Polin Yu.K. (1960) On the conditions of formation of white phlogopites in dolomite marbles of the Aldan shield. Geol. Geoph., (8), 73-81. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreani M., Baronnet A., Boullier A.-M., Gratier J.-P. (2004) A microstructural study of a “crack-seal” type serpen tine using SEM and TEM techniques. Eur. J. Miner., 16, 585-595. https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2004/0016-0585</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mellini M., Fuchs Y., Lemaire C., Linares J. (2002) Insights into the antigorite structure from Mössbauer and FT-IR spectroscopies. Eur. J. Miner., 14, 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/02/0014-0097</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balan E., Fritsch E., Radtke G., Paulatto L., Juillot F., Petit S. (2021) First-principles modeling of infrared spectrum of antigorite. Eur. J. Mineral., 33, 389-400. https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-389-2021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mellini M., Trommsdorff V., Compagnoni R. (1987) Antig orite polysomatism: Behaviour during progressive meta morphism. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 97, 147-155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Debret B., Koga K.T., Nicollet C., Andreani M., Schwartz S. (2014) F, Cl and S via serpentinite in subduction zones: implications for the nature of the fluid released at depth. Terra Nova, 26, 96-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12074</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Middleton A.P., Whittaker E.J.W. (1976) The structure of Povlen-type chrysotile. Canad. Miner., 14(3), 301-306.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evans B.W. (2004) The serpentinite multisystem revisited: chrysotile is metastable. Int. Geol. Rev., 46, 479-506. https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.46.6.479</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myers B.E. (1988) The formation of zoned metasomatic veins and massive skarn in dolomite, Southern Sierra Nevada, California: Master’s thesis. The University of Arizona, 125 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Faust G.T., Fahey J.J. (1964) The serpentine-group minerals. Washington: Geol. Survey Professional Paper, 92 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikol’skaya Z.D., Larin A.M. (1972) Greisens of the Pitkäranta Ore Field. Zap. VMO, 101 (5), 291-297. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figovy S., Dubacq B., d’Arko P. (2021) Crystal chemistry and partitioning of halogens in hydrous silicates. Con trib. Mineral. Petrol., 176(12). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01860-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Hanley D.S. (1996) Serpentinites: Records of Tectonic and Petrologic History. Oxford, UK, Oxford Univ. Press, 277 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flemetakis S., Berndt J., Klemme S., Genske F., Cadoux A., Louvel M., Rohrbach A. (2020) An improved electron microprobe method for the analysis of halogens in natural silicate glasses. Microsc. Microanal., 26, 857-866. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927620013495</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peretti A., Dubessy J., Mullis J., Frost B., Tromsdorff V. (1992) Highly reducing conditions during Alpine meta morphism of the Malenco peridotite (Sondrio, Northern Italy) indicated by mineral paragenesis and H 2 in fluid inclusions. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 112, 329-340.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flemetakis S., Tiraboschi C., Berndt A., Klemme S. (2022) The stability of antigorite in subduction zones revisited: the effect of F on antigorite stability and its breakdown reactions at high pressures and high temperatures, with implications for the geochemical cycles of halogens. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01934-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Post J.L., Borer L. (2000) High-resolution Infrared spectra, physical properties, and micromorphology of serpentines. Appl. Clay Sci., 16, 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1317(99)00047-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franz G., Ackermand D. (1980) Phase relations and metamorphic history of a clinohumite-chlorite-serpentine marble from the Western Tauern Area (Austria). Con trib. Mineral. Petrol., 75, 97-110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proterozoic Ladoga Structure (Geology, Deep Structure and Mineral Genesis). (2020) (Ed. N.V. Sharov). Petrozavodsk, KarNTs RAN Publ., 435 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerasimova E.I. (2007) Mineral variety of metasomatic rocks and late hydrothermal formations of the ore de posits of Pitkäranta district (South Karelia, Russia). Min eral diversity: research and preservation. IV Int. sympos., 67-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pu W., Shou-Tsuen J. (1965) Fluorantigorite – a new variety of serpentine minerals. Scientia Sinica, 14(2), 327-328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henry D.J., Guidotti C.V., Thomson J.A. (2005) The Ti-sat uration surface for low-to-medium pressure metapelit ic biotites: Implications for geothermometry and Ti-sub stitution mechanisms. Amer. Miner., 90, 316-328. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2005.1498</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ristić M., Czakó-Nagy I., Musić S., Vértes A. (2011) Spectroscopic characterization of chrysotile asbestos from different regions. J. Molec. Struct., 993(1), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.10.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivashchenko V.I. (2021) Rare-metal (In, Bi, Te, Se, Be) mineralization of skarn ores in the Pitkäranta mining district, Ladoga Karelia, Russia. Minerals, 11(2), 124. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020124</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabynin L.I. (1973) Formation of Magnesian Skarns. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 214 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jansson N.F., Allen R.L., Skogsmo G., Turner T. (2021) Origin of Paleoproterozoic, sub-seafloor Zn-Pb-Ag skarn deposits, Sala area, Bergslagen, Sweden. Miner. Dep., 57, 455-480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-021-01071-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabynin L.I. (1974) Ore Deposits in the Magnesian Skarn Formation. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 288 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jesus A., Mateus A., Oliveira V. (2003) Geological setting and magnetite-ore genesis at the Corujeiras prospect (Beja district, Portugal). Congresso Nacional Geologia (Portugal), Ciências da Terra, F45–F48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shannon R.D. (1976) Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Cryst., A32, 751-767.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mellini M., Fuchs Y., Lemaire C., Linares J. (2002) Insights into the antigorite structure from Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopies. Eur. J. Miner., 14, 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/02/0014-0097</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shteinberg D.S., Chashchukhin I.S. (1977) Serpentinization of Ultrabasites. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 312 p. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mellini M., Trommsdorff V., Compagnoni R. (1987) Antig orite polysomatism: Behaviour during progressive metamorphism. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 97, 147-155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinyakov V.I. (1967) Features of the Formation of Magnesia-Skarn Magnetite Deposits of the Mountain Shoria. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 112 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Middleton A.P., Whittaker E.J.W. (1976) The structure of Povlen-type chrysotile. Canad. Miner., 14(3), 301-306.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spiridonov E.M., Zhernakov V.I., Baksheev I.A., Savina D.N. (2000) Typomorphism of talc from apoultramaphic metasomatites of the Urals. Dokl. Earth Sci., 372, 737-739.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myers B.E. (1988) The formation of zoned metasomatic veins and massive skarn in dolomite, Southern Sierra Nevada, California: Master’s thesis. The University of Arizona, 125 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varlakov A.S. (1999) Serpentines of ultrabasic rocks of the Urals. Uralskii Mineralogicheskii Sbornik, 9, 78-101. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Hanley D.S. (1996) Serpentinites: Records of Tectonic and Petrologic History. Oxford, UK, Oxford Univ. Press, 277 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasil’eva A.I. (1970) Morphogenetic Features of Rhythmic Textures and Their Role in Clarifying the Conditions of Ore Formation. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 126 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peretti A., Dubessy J., Mullis J., Frost B., Tromsdorff V. (1992) Highly reducing conditions during Alpine meta morphism of the Malenco peridotite (Sondrio, Northern Italy) indicated by mineral paragenesis and H 2 in fluid inclusions. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 112, 329-340.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasov K.A., Kutukova E.I. (1960) Emerald Mines. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 251 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Post J.L., Borer L. (2000) High-resolution Infrared spectra, physical properties, and micromorphology of serpen tines. Appl. Clay Sci., 16, 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1317(99)00047-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yao Y., Chen J., Lu J., Wang R., Zhang R. (2014) Geology and genesis of the Hehuaping magnesian skarn-type cassiterite-sulfide deposit, Hunan Province, Southern China. Ore Geol. Rev., 58, 163-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.10.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pu W., Shou-Tsuen J. (1965) Fluorantigorite – a new variety of serpentine minerals. Scientia Sinica, 14(2), 327-328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yariv S., Heller-Kallai L. (1973) The relationship between the IR spectra of serpentines and their structures. Clays Clay Miner., 23, 145-152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ristić M., Czakó-Nagy I., Musić S., Vértes A. (2011) Spectroscopic characterization of chrysotile asbestos from different regions. J. Molec. Struct., 993(1), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.10.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yurkova R.M. (1991) Mineral Transformations of the Ophiolite and Associated Volcanic-Sedimentary Complexes in the Northwestern Pacific Fringing. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 166 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shannon R.D. (1976) Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Cryst., A32, 751-767.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhernakov V.I. (2009) Ural Emerald Mines. Mineral. Al’manakh, 14 (2), 128. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yao Y., Chen J., Lu J., Wang R., Zhang R. (2014) Geology and genesis of the Hehuaping magnesian skarn-type cas siterite-sulfide deposit, Hunan Province, Southern Chi na. Ore Geol. Rev., 58, 163-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.10.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu C., Sverjensky D.A. (1992) F-Cl-OH partitioning between biotite and apatite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 1837-1858.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yariv S., Heller-Kallai L. (1973) The relationship between the IR spectra of serpentines and their structures. Clays Clay Miner., 23, 145-152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhukhlistov A.P., Zvyagin P.P. (1998) Crystal structure of lizardite according to electronic diffractometry data. Crystallografiya, 43(6), 1009-1014 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu C., Sverjensky D.A. (1992) F-Cl-OH partitioning between biotite and apatite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 1837-1858.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zubkov A.A., Knyazev G.B., Bannikov O.L. (1988) On the mineralogy of hydrosilicates of iron ore deposits of the magnesia-skar formation. The interrelation of magmatism, metamorphism and ore formation processes in the folded regions of southern Siberia. Novosibirsk, AN SSSR Publ., 114-135. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zussman J. (1954) Investigation of the crystal structure of antigorite. Miner. Mag., 30, 498-512.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zussman J. (1954) Investigation of the crystal structure of antigorite. Miner. Mag., 30, 498-512.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
