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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">litosphere</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литосфера</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LITHOSPHERE (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1681-9004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-302X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24930/1681-9004-2024-24-2-376-397</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">litosphere-2071</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фосфатные минералы-геохронометры: особенности кристаллохимии и радиационного разупорядочения, методические вопросы их микрозондового неизотопного U–Th–Pbtot-датирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phosphate geochronometer minerals: Crystal chemistry and radiation disorder, methodological issues of their microprobe non-isotope U–Th–Pbtot dating</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булатов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulatov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav A. Bulatov</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladislavtalica@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замятин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamyatin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Zamyatin</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вотяков</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Votyakov</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey L. Votyakov</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коровин</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korovin</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy D. Korovin</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir N. Smirnov</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прибавкин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pribavkin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Pribavkin</p><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт геологии и геохимии им. академика А.Н. Заварицкого УрО РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, UB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>376</fpage><lpage>397</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Булатов В.А., Замятин Д.А., Вотяков С.Л., Коровин Д.Д., Смирнов В.Н., Прибавкин С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булатов В.А., Замятин Д.А., Вотяков С.Л., Коровин Д.Д., Смирнов В.Н., Прибавкин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bulatov V.A., Zamyatin D.A., Votyakov S.L., Korovin D.D., Smirnov V.N., Pribavkin S.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/2071">https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/2071</self-uri><abstract><p>Объект исследования. Фосфатные минералы-геохронометры – международный образец сравнения монацита из пегматитов Trebilcock c возрастом 272 ± 2 млн лет, монацит из пегматитов Шарташского массива, монацит, чералит и ксенотим из лейкогранита Пещернинского штока и диорита Хомутинского массива, Средний Урал. Методы. Химический состав минералов изучен с помощью рентгеноспектрального микроанализатора CAMECA SX 100; спектры комбинационного рассеяния получены на конфокальном спектрометре LabRAM HR800 Evolution. Цель. Исследование внутренней текстуры зерен фосфатных минералов-геохронометров на основе их элементного и спектроскопического картирования; анализ особенностей кристаллохимии и радиационного разупорядочения минералов; их микрозондовое неизотопное U–Th–Pbtot-датирование; отработка соответствующего алгоритма использования аналитических методик. Результаты. Показано, что изученные монациты относятся к цериевой разновидности с содержанием ThО2 от 1.1 до 17.2, UО2 – от 0 до 0.8, PbO – от 0.01 до 0.23 мас. % (при пределах обнаружения 160, 230, 110 г/т); при анализе содержания PbO фоновая линия интерполирована в модели линейного (монацит Trebilcock, монацит и чералит Пещернинского штока) и экспоненциального фона (монацит Шарташского массива). Выявлено, что для монацита реализуется как хаттонитовый, так и чералитовый тип изоморфизма; параметр нестехиометричности его состава β = (Si + Ca)/(Th + U + Pb + S) лежит в интервале 0.95–1.05, что свидетельствует о сохранности U–Th–Pb-системы. Анализ BSE-изображений, карт распределения интенсивности РЭ-линий Th Mα и Pb Mα, точечных анализов состава и результатов спектроскопического картирования параметров колебательной моды ν1(PO4) свидетельствует о высокой однородности монацита Trebilcock и ярко выраженной зональности уральских монацитов. Показано, что параметры колебательной моды ν1(PO4) в монацитах определяются суперпозиционным влиянием двух факторов – химического и радиационного разупорядочения. Данные по содержанию U, Th, Pb для различных зон зерен монацитов использованы для выполнения неизотопного U–Th– Pbtot-датирования: получены средневзвешенные значения возраста по зонам, выполнены изохронные построения на диаграмме ThO2*–PbO. Полученные датировки по образцу Trebilcock удовлетворительно согласуются с литературными, датировки монацитов Пещернинского штока и Шарташского массива – с данными изотопных U-Pb-датировок по циркону. Выводы. Проанализированы физико-химические характеристики чералита, ксенотима и циркона в пробах Пещернинского штока; предприняты попытки U–Th–Pbtot-датирования чералита, ксенотима и циркона. Описанный алгоритм и аналитические методики использованы в ЦКП “Геоаналитик” для микрозондового неизотопного датирования фосфатных минералов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Research subject. Phosphate mineral geochronometers – the international reference sample of Trebilcock monazite from pegmatites with the age of 272 ± 2 Ma, as well as samples of monazite from pegmatites of the Shartash massif and monazite, cheralite and xenotime from leucogranite of the Peshcherninsky stock and diorite of the Khomutinsky massif, Middle Urals. Methods. The composition of minerals was studied using CAMECA SX100 microprobe; Raman spectra were obtained using LabRAM HR800 Evolution confocal spectrometer. Research aim. Study of the internal texture of the grains of phosphate minerals on the basis of their elemental and spectroscopic mapping; analysis of the mineral crystal chemistry and estimation of auto-irradiation doses; microprobe non-isotopic U–Th–Pbtot dating of phosphate minerals; development of the appropriate algorithm for using analytical techniques. Results. It has been shown that the studied monazites belong to the cerium variety with ThO2 content from 1.1 to 17.2; UO2 – from 0 to 0.8; PbO – from 0.01 to 0.23 wt % (detection limits 160, 230, and 110 ppm). When analyzing the PbO content, the background line was interpolated into models of linear background (Trebilcock monazite, monazite and cheralite of the Peshcherninsky stock) and exponential background (monazite of the Shartash massif). It has been shown that for monazite, both huttonite and cheralite types of isomorphism are realized; the non-stoichiometric parameter of its composition β = (Si + Ca)/(Th + U + Pb + S) lies in the range of 0.95–1.05, which indicates the preservation of the U–Th–Pb-system. The analysis of BSE-images, intensity distribution maps of the Th Mα and Pb Mα RE lines, compositional point analyses and the results of spectroscopic mapping of the parameters of the ν1(PO4) vibrational mode testify to high homogeneity of Trebilcock monazite and pronounced zoning of the Ural monazites. It has been shown that the parameters of the ν1(PO4) vibrational mode in monazites are determined by the superposition of two factors, i.e. chemical and radiation disorder. The data on U, Th, and Pb content for different zones of monazite grains were used to perform non-isotopic U–Th–Pbtot dating: weighted average age values for the zones were obtained, and isochron plotting was made on the ThO2* vs. PbO diagram. The datings obtained based on the Trebilcock sample are in satisfactory agreement with the literature. Conclusions. The dating of monazite from leucogranite of the Peshcherninsky stock and the Shartash massif are in agreement with the U-Pb isotopic dating of zircon. The physical and chemical characteristics of cheralite, xenotime, and zircon in samples from the Peshcherninsky stock were analyzed. The U–Th–Pbtot dating of cheralite, xenotime, and zircon was attempted. The described algorithm and analytical methods were used at the Geoanalitik Common Use Center for microprobe non-isotopic dating of phosphate minerals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>химическое датирование</kwd><kwd>монацит</kwd><kwd>чералит</kwd><kwd>ксенотим</kwd><kwd>ЭЗМА</kwd><kwd>спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>комбинационое рассеяние света</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemical dating</kwd><kwd>monazite</kwd><kwd>cheralite</kwd><kwd>xenotime</kwd><kwd>ESMA</kwd><kwd>spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>raman scattering</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследования выполнены в рамках государственного задания ИГГ УрО РАН, темы №№ 1240203000576 и 1230118000129 с использованием оборудования ЦКП “Геоаналитик” ИГГ УрО РАН. Авторы выражают благодарность Е.А. 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