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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">litosphere</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литосфера</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LITHOSPHERE (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1681-9004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-302X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24930/1681-9004-2023-23-5-740-765</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">litosphere-1950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Минеральные ассоциации хромититов Алапаевского дунит-гарцбургитового массива (Средний Урал)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mineral assemblages from chromitites of the Alapaevsk dunite-harzburgite massif (Middle Urals)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурзин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murzin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murzin@igg.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малич</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malitch</surname><given-names>К. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баданина</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badanina</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варламов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varlamov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142432, г. Черноголовка, ул. Академика Осипьяна, 4,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Academician Osipyan st., Chernogolovka 142432</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dima@iem.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чащухин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chashchukhin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620110, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Академика Вонсовского, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Academician Vonsovsky st., Ekaterinburg 620110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геологии и геохимии им. академика А.Н. Заварицкого УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, UB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экспериментальной минералогии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D.S. Korzhinsky Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>740</fpage><lpage>765</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мурзин В.В., Малич К.Н., Баданина И.Ю., Варламов Д.А., Чащухин И.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мурзин В.В., Малич К.Н., Баданина И.Ю., Варламов Д.А., Чащухин И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murzin V.V., Malitch К.N., Badanina I.Y., Varlamov D.A., Chashchukhin I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1950">https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1950</self-uri><abstract><p>Объект исследования. Минералы и минеральные ассоциации благородных металлов в хромититах Алапаевского массива. Цель. Системное минералогическое изучение высокохромистых и глиноземистых хромититов и разработка схемы последовательности минералоообразования и положения в ней минералов платиновой группы и золота. Материалы и методы. Образцы высокохромистых и глиноземистых хромититов из месторождений в разных частях Алапаевского массива. Использованы методы сканирующей электронной микроскопии (Tescan VEGAII XMU и JSM-6390LV фирмы Jeol с EDX спектрометрами INCA Energy 450) и рентгеноспектрального микроанализа (Cameca SХ 100 с пятью волновыми спектрометрами). Результаты. Составлена схема последовательности минералообразования в хромититах, в которой выделены первичная и вторичные (ранняя и поздняя) ассоциации. Первичные ассоциации высокохромистых (Cr2O3 &gt; 50 мас. %) и глиноземистых (Cr2O3 &lt; 50 мас. %) руд представлены одними и теми же основными минералами – хромшпинелидом, клинопироксеном и оливином с характерными различающимися составами этих минералов в каждом типе руд. Акцессорные минералы первичной ассоциации синхронны с хромшпинелидом и представлены пентландитом, медистым пентландитом, халькопиритом, пирротином, борнитом, а также минералами благородных металлов (лауритом RuS2, эрликманитом OsS2, самородным осмием, медистым золотом). Минералы ранней вторичной ассоциации присутствуют в составе полиминеральных включений в хромшпинелиде. Полиминеральные включения сложены Cr-хлоритом, амфиболом, гранатом, сульфидами (миллерит, хизлевудит) и самородными металлами (Ni, Cr-содержащей медью, никелистой медью, Cu, Fe, Cr-содержащим никелем, аваруитом). Минералы благородных металлов ранней вторичной ассоциации выявлены только в глиноземистых рудах и представлены лауритом, арсенидами и стибнидами Pt и Pd, Ru-пентландитом и высокопробным самородным золотом. К поздней вторичной ассоциации отнесены самородная медь и аваруит, находящиеся в срастании с серпентином в высокохромистом хромшпинелиде. Температурные условия образования вторичных ассоциаций оценены по хлоритовому геотермометру. Температуры образования изученных хлоритов из хромититов укладываются в диапазон 250–284°С. Выводы. Минералы благородных металлов во вторичных ассоциациях формировались при температуре ниже 350°С совместно с гранатом, амфиболом, хлоритом и сульфидами никеля. Зерна первичных Os–Ir–Ru-сплавов при эпигенетических процессах подверглись сульфуризации с образованием тонкозернистой пористой смеси самородных и сульфидных (иногда с As) фаз, а также замещению Ru-пентландитом. Наличие аваруита и самородных Cu и Ni как в первичных, так и во вторичных ассоциациях хромититов свидетельствует о восстановительных условиях образования минералов благородных металлов. Ограниченное развитие высокохромистых руд наряду с проявленными процессами сульфуризации первичных зерен Os–Ir–Ru-сплавов обусловили слабое развитие россыпной платиноидной минерализации на площади Алапаевского массива.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Research subject. Minerals and mineral assemblages of noble elements in chromitites of the Alapaevsk massif. Aim. A systematic mineralogical study of high-chromium (Cr) and alumina-rich (Al) chromitites with the development of a sequence scheme for mineral formation, including platinum-group minerals (PGMs) and gold alloys. Materials and Methods. Samples of high-Cr and Al chromitites from chromite deposits in various parts of the Alapaevsk massif. Scanning electron microscopy (Tescan VEGAII XMU and JSM-6390LV Jeol with EDX INCA Energy 450 X-Max 80 spectrometers) and electron microprobe analysis (Cameca SX 100 with five wave spectrometers) were used. Results. A diagram showing the sequence of mineral formation in chromitites was designed; primary and secondary mineral assemblages were distinguished, with the latter assemblage being divided into early and late mineral associations. Primary assemblages of high-Cr (Cr2O3 &gt; 50 wt %) and Al (Cr2O3 &lt; 50 wt %) ores are represented by similar minerals, including chromespinel, clinopyroxene, and olivine, with characteristically distinct compositions of these minerals in each type of ores. Minerals of the primary assemblage are synchronous with chrome-spinel and are represented by pentlandite, Cu-bearing pentlandite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, bornite, as well as PGMs (laurite RuS2, erlichmanite OsS2, native osmium) and Cu-rich gold. Minerals of the secondary early association occur in the form of polyphase inclusions within chrome-spinel. Polyphase inclusions are composed of Cr-bearing chlorite, amphibole, garnet, sulfides (millerite, heazlewoodite) and minerals of native elements, including (Ni, Cr)-bearing copper, nickel-bearing copper, (Cu, Fe, Cr)-bearing nickel, awaruite. Noble metal minerals from the secondary early association were found only in Al chromitites and are represented by laurite, Pt- and Pd arsenides and stibnides, Ru-bearing pentlandite, and high-grade native gold. The secondary late mineral association consists of native copper and awaruite, which are intergrown with serpentine in high-Cr ore. The temperature conditions for the formation of secondary assemblages were estimated using a chlorite geothermometer. The formation temperatures of the studied chlorites from chromitites fall within the range of 250–284°C. Conclusions. Noble metal minerals from secondary associations were formed at temperatures below 350°C together with garnet, amphibole, chlorite, and nickel sulfides. Grains of primary Os–Ir–Ru alloys during epigenetic processes underwent sulfurization with the formation of a fine-grained porous mixture of native and sulfide (sometimes with As) phases, and replacement by Ru-pentlandite. The presence of awaruite and native Cu and Ni in both primary and secondary assemblages of chromotites indicates the reducing conditions for the formation of noble metal minerals. The limited occurrence of high-Cr ores, along with the manifested processes of sulfurization for primary grains of Os–Ir–Ru alloys, led to the scarcity of detrital PGM in the area of the Alapaevsk massif.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>минералы платиновой группы</kwd><kwd>самородное золото</kwd><kwd>хромититы</kwd><kwd>хлоритовый геотермометр</kwd><kwd>сульфуризация</kwd><kwd>Алапаевский массив</kwd><kwd>Средний Урал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>platinum-group minerals</kwd><kwd>native gold</kwd><kwd>chromitites</kwd><kwd>chlorite geothermometer</kwd><kwd>sulfurization</kwd><kwd>Alapaevsk massif</kwd><kwd>Middle Urals</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания ИГГ УрО РАН (№ госрегистрации 122022600107-1) и темы НИР ИЭМ РАН (FMUF-2022-0003). Использовалось оборудование ЦКП “Геоаналитик” ИГГ УрО РАН, дооснащение и комплексное развитие которого осуществляется при финансовой поддержке гранта Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (cоглашение № 075-15-2021-680). Авторы признательны сотрудникам Института геологии и геохимии УрО РАН А.В. Алексееву и В.П. Молошагу за возможность изучения образцов хромититов из их коллекций, И.А. Готтман и Л.В. Леоновой – за помощь в аналитической лаборатории.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration No. 122022600107-1) and the research theme of the Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences (FMUF-2022-0003). The re-equipment and comprehensive development of the “Geoanalitik” shared research facilities of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg) was funded by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 075-15-2021-680). The authors are grateful to A.V. Alekseev and V.P. Moloshag, research members of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, for the opportunity to study chromitite samples from their collections, and to I.A. Gottman and L.V. Leonova for their assistance the analytical laboratory.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аникина Е.В. (1995) Платиноиды в хромовых рудах Полярного Урала. 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