litosphereЛитосфераLITHOSPHERE (Russia)1681-90042500-302XA.N. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry10.24930/1681-9004-2022-22-6-847-858litosphere-1762Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesАутигенная титановая минерализация как отражение гальмиролиза карбонатно-сульфидно-гиалокластитовых осадков на колчеданоносных полях УралаAuthigenic Ti mineralization as an indicator of halmyrolysis of carbonatesulfide-hyaloclastite sediments in Urals massive sulfide depositsАюповаН. Р.AyupovaN. R.

Ильменский заповедник, 456317, г. Миасс, Челябинская область

Ilmeny State Reserve, Chelyabinsk district, Miass 456317

aupova@mineralogy.ruМасленниковВ. В.MaslennikovV. V.

Ильменский заповедник, 456317, г. Миасс, Челябинская область

Ilmeny State Reserve, Chelyabinsk district, Miass 456317

ШиловскихВ. В.ShilovskikhV. V.

Ресурсный центр “Геомодель”

198504, г. Санкт-Петербург, Петергоф, ул. Ульяновская, 1

Resource Center “Geomodel”

1 Ul’yanovskaya st., Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198504

Институт минералогии, Южно-Уральский федеральный научный центр минералогии и геоэкологии УрО РАНРоссияInstitute of Mineralogy, South Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology UB RASRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation202207012023226847858Copyright © Аюпова Н.Р., Масленников В.В., Шиловских В.В., 20232023Аюпова Н.Р., Масленников В.В., Шиловских В.В.Ayupova N.R., Maslennikov V.V., Shilovskikh V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.lithosphere.ru/jour/article/view/1762Объект исследования

Объект исследования. Изучены горизонты оксидно-железистых отложений колчеданных месторождений Урала.

Цель работы – оценка поведения титана в процессах гальмиролитического преобразования и литогенеза известковистых гиалокластитов и карбонатно-сульфидно-гиалокластитовых осадков.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Исследованы микротекстуры агрегатов аутигенных минералов Ti (анатаз, рутил, титанит) в джасперитах и госсанитах из разных колчеданных месторождений Урала. Для идентификации минералов использованы микроскопические и электронно-микроскопические методы исследований, а также дифракция отраженных электронов.

Результаты

Результаты. Установлено, что при частичном гальмиролизе известковистых гиалокластитов происходил вынос Ti c формированием каемок аутигенного анатаза в краевых частях гематитизированных гиалокластов. При полном превращении гиалокластитов в гематит-кварцевые джаспериты аутигенные минералы Ti исчезали. В госсанитах (гематиткварцевых и гематит-хлоритовых продуктах субмаринного окисления карбонатно-сульфидно-гиалокластитовых осадков) Ti концентрировался в виде аутигенных рутила и титанита. Судя по обилию бактериоморфных структур в корродированных гиалокластах, гальмиролиз происходил при участии бактерий.

Выводы

Выводы. Источником вещества для образования титановых минералов в оксидно-железистых отложениях служил гиалокластический материал. Гальмиролиз карбонатно-гиалокластитовых осадков с формированием джасперитов происходил в щелочных условиях, благоприятных для переноса Ti в виде гидроксокарбонатных комплексов. Образование рутила вместо анатаза связано с более низкими значениями pH (<5) среды минералообразования, обязанными окислению пирита в продуктах гальмиролиза гиалокластитов, смешанных с сульфидами. Титанит образовался в результате перераспределения ранее образованных Ti-содержащих фаз. Полученные результаты исследований решают фундаментальную проблему мобильности Ti в условиях гальмиролиза гиалокластитов в отличие от иммобильности этого элемента в гидротермальных процессах.

Research subject

Research subject. The horizons of ferruginous sedimentary rocks in the massive sulfide deposits of the Urals.

Aim

Aim. To estimate the Ti behavior upon halmyrolytic transformation and lithogenesis of calcareous hyaloclastites and carbonatesulfide-hyaloclastite sediments.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Microtextures of authigenic aggregates of Ti minerals (anatase, rutile, titanite) in jasperites and gossanites of various Urals massive sulfide deposits were studied. The minerals were identified using microscopic and electron microscopic methods, as well as electron back-scattered diffraction.

Results

Results. Upon partial halmyrolysis of calcareous hyaloclastites, Ti was removed with the formation of authigenic anatase rims around hematitized hyaloclasts. The full transformation of hyaloclastites to hematite-quartz jasperites resulted in decomposition of authigenic Ti minerals. Authigenic rutile and titanite formed in gossanites (hematite-quartz and hematite-chlorite products of submarine oxidation of calcareous sulfide-hyaloclastite sediments). The occurrence of abundant bacteriomorphic structures in corroded hyaloclasts indicates a significant role of bacteria in halmyrolysis.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Titanium for the formation of Ti minerals in ferruginous sediments was sourced from hyaloclastites. The halmyrolysis of calcareous hyaloclastite sediments and related formation of jasperites occurred under alkaline conditions favorable for the transportation of Ti in the form of hydroxycarbonate complexes. The formation of rutile instead of anatase was associated with lower pH values (<5) due to oxidation of pyrite in sulfide-bearing hyaloclastite sediments. Titanite formed as a result of further alteration of Ti-bearing phases. Our results solve the fundamental problem of Ti mobility during halmyrolysis of hyaloclastites, which contradicts its commonly accepted immobility in hydrothermal processes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.